Itching (Pruritus)
Itchy skin is often linked to dryness or irritation; learn simple skin care and when persistent itching needs a check-up.
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Quick Reference Facts
In simple words
Itching, also called pruritus, is an uncomfortable skin sensation that makes you want to scratch. It may affect one small area or much of the body.
Itchy skin is usually caused by dryness, irritation, eczema, hives, infection, or a reaction to a product or medicine. Itching all over the body, persistent itch without an obvious rash, or itch in pregnancy should be assessed rather than self-diagnosed.
Common Causes
- Dry skin, eczema, contact dermatitis, hives, or psoriasis
- Irritants or allergens such as fragranced products, detergents, metals, plants, fabrics, or medicines
- Fungal infection, scabies, insect bites, or lice
- Less commonly, a thyroid, liver, kidney, or blood condition
Clinical Red Flags
Seek urgent medical attention at an emergency department or primary care clinic if you present with any of the following symptoms:
- Get emergency help for itching with trouble breathing or swallowing, or swelling of the lips, tongue, throat, or face
- Seek urgent advice for a rapidly spreading, painful, blistering rash, skin that is hot or leaking pus, or itch with fever and feeling very unwell
- Book a GP review for severe, widespread, recurrent, or persistent itching; yellow skin or eyes, dark urine, unplanned weight loss, or itch during pregnancy should be checked promptly
Lifestyle & Diet Support
Use an unperfumed moisturiser regularly, take cool or lukewarm showers, choose loose cotton clothes, and keep nails short. Pat or press the skin instead of scratching. Stop a clearly irritating new product if it is safe to do so, and ask a pharmacist before using medicated creams.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Differential Diagnosis Matrix
Notice where the itch began, whether there is a rash or swelling, what new products or medicines were introduced, and whether anyone close to you is itchy. A clinician can assess for skin conditions, allergy, infection, or a medical cause when necessary.
Reference Citations & Evidence Sources
Clinical Guidelines & Consensus Statements
Clinical Reviews & Textbooks
- CIT-0023National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. "Homeopathy: What You Need To Know." National Institutes of Health (2021).
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